Islamic Ruling on Picture

A sister Asked "What is d view of islam concerning taking pictures?"

Photography (tasweer) means the
taking of pictures of living, animate
moving beings, like people, animals,
birds, etc. The ruling is that it is
forbidden on the basis of a number of
reports, such as the following:
'Abdullaah ibn Mas'ood (may Allaah be
pleased with him) reported that the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) said: "Those who will be
most severely punished by Allaah on
the Day of Resurrection will be the
image-makers." (Reported by al-
Bukhaari, see al-Fath, 10/382).
Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased
with him) reported that the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) said: "Allaah, may He be exalted,
says: 'Who does more wrong than the
one who tries to create something like
My creation? Let him create a grain of
wheat or a kernel of corn.'" (Reported
by al-Bukhaari, see Fath al-Baari,
10/385).
'Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him)
said: "Shall I not send you on the
same mission as the Messenger of
Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) sent me? Do not leave
any built-up tomb without levelling it,
and do not leave any picture in any
house without erasing it." (Reported
by Muslim and al-Nisaa'i; this is the
version narrated by al-Nisaa'i).
Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased
with him and his father) reported that
the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) said: "Every
image-maker will be in the Fire, and
for every image that he made a soul
will be created for him, which will be
punished in the Fire." Ibn 'Abbaas
said: "If you must do that, make
pictures of trees and other inanimate
objects." (Reported by Muslim, 3/1871)
These ahaadeeth indicate that
pictures of animate beings are
haraam, whether they are humans or
other creatures, whether they are
three-dimensional or two-dimensional,
whether they are printed, drawn,
etched, engraved, carved, cast in
moulds, etc. These ahaadeeth include
all of these types of pictures.
The Muslim should submit to the
teachings of Islam and not argue with
them by saying, "But I am not
worshipping them or prostrating to
them!" If we think about just one
aspect of the evil caused by the
prevalence of photographs and
pictures in our times, we will
understand something of the wisdom
behind this prohibition: that aspect is
the great corruption caused by the
provoking of physical desires and
subsequent spread of immorality
caused by these pictures.
The Muslim should not keep any
pictures of animate beings in his
house, because they will prevent the
angels from entering. The Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) said: "The angels do not enter a
house in which there is a dog or
pictures." (Reported by al-Bukhaari,
see al-Fath, 10/380).
But nowadays, unfortunately, one can
even find in some Muslim homes
statues of gods worshipped by the
kuffaar (such as Buddha etc.) which
they keep on the basis that they are
antiques or decorative pieces. These
things are more strictly prohibited
than others, just as pictures which are
hung up are worse than pictures
which are not hung up, for how easily
they can lead to glorification, and
cause grief or be a source of boasting!
We cannot say that these pictures are
kept for memory's sake, because true
memories of a Muslim relative or
friend reside in the heart, and we
remember them by praying for mercy
and forgiveness for them.
Taking pictures with a camera involves
human actions such as focusing,
pressing the shutter, developing,
printing, and so on. We cannot call it
anything other than "picture-making"
or tasweer, which is the expression
used by all Arabic-speakers to describe
this action.
In the book Al-I'laam bi naqd kitaab
al-halaal wa'l-haraam, the author
says: "Photography is even more of an
imitation of the creation of Allaah
than pictures which are engraved or
drawn, so it is even more deserving of
being prohibited… There is nothing
that could exclude photography from
the general meaning of the
reports." (p. 42, see also Fataawa
Islamiyyah, 4/355).
Among the scholars who have
discussed the issue of photography is
Shaykh Naasir al-Deen al-Albaani, who
said: "Some of them differentiate
between hand-drawn pictures and
photographic images by claiming that
the latter are not products of human
effort, and that no more is involved
than the mere capturing of the image.
This is what they claim. The
tremendous energy invested the one
who invented this machine that can
do in few seconds what otherwise
could not be done in hours does not
count as human effort, according to
these people! Pointing the camera,
focusing it, and taking the picture,
preceded by installation of the film
and followed by developing and
whatever else that I may not know
about… none of this is the result of
human effort, according to them!
Some of them explain how this
photography is done, and summarize
that no less than eleven different
actions are involved in the making of a
picture. In spite of all this, they say
that this picture is not the result of
human action! Can it be permissible to
hang up a picture of a man, for
example, if it is produced by
photography, but not if it is drawn by
hand?
Those who say that photography is
permitted have "frozen" the meaning
of the word "tasweer," restriciting it
only to the meaning known at the
time of the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) and
not adding the meaning of
photography, which is "tasweer" or
"picture-making" in every sense -
linguistic, legal, and in its harmful
effects, and as is clear from the
definition mentioned above. Years ago,
I said to one of them, By the same
token, you could allow idols which
have not been carved but have been
made by pressing a button on some
machine that turns out idols by the
dozen. What do you say to that?"
(Aadaab al-Zafaaf by al-Albaani, p. 38)
It is also worth quoting the opinion of
some contemporary scholars who allow
the taking of photographs but say that
the pictures should not be kept: "The
angels do not enter a house in which
there is a dog or pictures." (See al-
Sharh al-Mumti', 2/198).
There are many bad things involved in
the making of pictures. Besides the
element of imitating the creation of
Allaah - which is an accusation denied
by many of those who make pictures -
reality bears witness to the great
extent of immorality and provocation
of desires caused by the prevalence of
pictures and picture-making nowadays.
We must remove or blot out every
picture, except when it is too difficult
to do so, like the pictures which are
overwhelmingly prevalent in food
packaging, or pictures used in
encyclopaedias and reference books.
We should remove what we can, and
be careful about any provocative
pictures that may be found.
"So keep your duty to Allaah and fear
Him as much as you can…" [al-
Taghaabun 64:16 - interpretation of
the meaning]

scholars permitted taking photos in two conditions,
1. For identification e.g id card
2. source of evidence for a crime

Pictures - Halal or Haram?
What is the ruling of pictures according to the Quran and Sunnah?
And the people of Moses made in his absence, out of their ornaments, the image of a calf
(for worship). It had a sound (as if it was mooing). Did they not see that it could neither
speak to them nor guide them to the way? They took it for worship and they were
Dthalimun (wrong-doers). [Noble Quran 7:148]
And indeed We bestowed aforetime on Ibrahim (Abraham) his (portion of) guidance, and We
were Well-Acquainted with him (as to his Belief in the Oneness of Allah, etc.). [Noble Quran
21:51]
When he said to his father and his people: "What are these images, to which you are
devoted?" [Noble Quran 21:52]
They said: "We found our fathers worshipping them." [Noble Quran 21:53]
He said: "Indeed you and your fathers have been in manifest error." [Noble Quran 21:54]
Narrated Said bin Abu Al-Hasan: While I was with Ibn 'Abbas a man came and said, "O
father of 'Abbas! My sustenance is from my manual profession and I make these pictures."
Ibn 'Abbas said, "I will tell you only what I heard from Allah's Apostle (Peace and blessings
be upon him). I heard him saying, 'Whoever makes a picture will be punished by Allah till he
puts life in it, and he will never be able to put life in it.' "Hearing this, that man heaved a
sigh and his face turned pale. Ibn 'Abbas said to him, "What a pity! If you insist on making
pictures I advise you to make pictures of trees and any other unanimated
objects." [Bukhari 3:428]
Narrated 'A’ishah: I stuffed for the Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) a pillow
decorated with pictures (of animals) which looked like a Namruqah (i.e. a small cushion). He
came and stood among the people with excitement apparent on his face. I said, "O Allah's
Apostle! What is wrong?" He said, "What is this pillow?" I said, "I have prepared this pillow
for you, so that you may recline on it." He said, "Don't you know that angels do not enter
a house wherein there are pictures; and whoever makes a picture will be punished on the
Day of Resurrection and will be asked to give life to (what he has created)?" [Bukhari
4:47]
Narrated Abu Talhah: I heard Allah's Apostle (Peace and blessings be upon him) saying;
"Angels (of Mercy) do not enter a house wherein there is a dog or a picture of a living
creature (a human being or an animal)." [Bukhari 4:448]
Narrated Ibn Abbas: Abu Talhah, a companion of Allah's Apostle (Peace and blessings be
upon him) and one of those who fought at Badr together with Allah's Apostle (Peace and
blessings be upon him) told me that Allah's Apostle (Peace and blessings be upon him) said.
"Angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or a picture." He meant the images of
creatures that have souls. [Bukhari 5:338]
Narrated Ali ibn Abu Talib: Abul Hayyaj al-Asadi told that Ali ibn Abu Talib said to him:
Should I not send you on the same mission as Allah's Messenger (Peace and blessings be
upon him) sent me? Do not leave an image without obliterating it, or a high grave without
leveling it. This Hadith has been reported by Habib with the same chain of transmitters and
he said: (do not leave) a picture without obliterating it. [Muslim]
Narrated Maimunah: One morning Allah's Messenger (Peace and blessings be upon him) was
silent with grief. Maimunah said: Allah's Messenger, I find a change in your mood today.
Allah's Messenger (Peace and blessings be upon him) said: Gabriel had promised me that he
would meet me last night, but he did not meet me. By Allah, he never broke his promises;
and Allah's Messenger (Peace and blessings be upon him) spent the day in this sad (mood).
Then it occurred to him that there had been a puppy under their cot. He gave an order and
it was turned out. He then took some water in his hand and sprinkled it on the place. When
it was evening Gabriel met him and he said to him: You promised me that you would meet
me the previous night. He said: Yes, but we do not enter a house in which there is a dog or
a picture. So the very next morning he commanded the dogs to be killed. He announced
that the dog kept for the orchards should also be killed, but he spared the dog used for
the protection of extensive fields (or big gardens). [Muslim]
Narrated 'A’ishah: I used to play with the dolls in the presence of the Prophet (Peace and
blessings be upon him), and my girl friends also used to play with me. When Allah's Apostle
(Peace and blessings be upon him) used to enter (my dwelling place) they used to hide
themselves, but the Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) would call them to join and
play with me. (The playing with the dolls and similar images is forbidden, but it was allowed
for 'A’ishah at that time, as she was a little girl, not yet reached the age of puberty.)
(Fatih-al-Bari page 143, Vol.13) [Bukhari 8:151]
Narrated A’ishah: When the Apostle of Allah (Peace and blessings be upon him) arrived
after the expedition to Tabuk or Khaybar (the narrator is doubtful), the draught raised an
end of a curtain which was hung in front of her store-room, revealing some dolls which
belonged to her. He asked: What is this? She replied: My dolls. Among them he saw a horse
with wings made of rags, and asked: What is this I see among them? She replied: A horse.
He asked: What is this that it has on it? She replied: Two wings. He asked: A horse with two
wings? She replied: Have you not heard that Solomon had horses with wings? She said:
Thereupon the Apostle of Allah (Peace and blessings be upon him) laughed so heartily that I
could see his molar teeth. [Abu Dawud]
Narrated A’ishah: When the Prophet became ill, some of his wives talked about a church
which they had seen in Ethiopia and it was called Maria. Um Salma and Um Habibah had been
to Ethiopia, and both of them narrated its (the Church's) beauty and the pictures it
contained. The Prophet raised his head and said, "Those are the people who, whenever a
pious man dies amongst them, make a place of worship at his grave and then they make
those pictures in it. Those are the worst creatures in the Sight of Allah." [Sahih Bukhari
2.425]
"On the Day of Resurrection a neck will stretch forth from Hell; it will have two eyes to
see, two ears to hear, and a tongue to speak. It will say, "I have been appointed to take
care of three types of people: every arrogant tyrant, every person who called on some
deity other than Allah and those who made pictures" [At-Tirmidthi stated that this Hadith
was Sahih - At-Takhwif Min An-Nar, p.179, See also Jami' al-Usul, 10/518, the editor said
its Isnad is Hasan]
Take down that picture of Martin Luther King.
Remove all pictures of animals and people from your walls, destroy any idol statues.
If you have a job where your boss insists that you decorate, such as is often required
for teachers, decorate with ribbons, colored cotton, and other creative decorations,
but do not succumb to hanging up images.
Take down that calendar with pictures of 'cute, cuddly' animals on it.
Allow your child to play with dolls if you so desire. Keep in mind that the dolls during
the Prophet's time were simple "rag" or "sock" dolls without animated human features
or intricate 'life-like' detail.
Do not hang up your child's pictures of animals, people, or anything worshipable, and
don't let the schools do it with your children, either. Limit drawing to educational
purposes.
Do not mix images and religion.
And Surely Allah knows Best
Oh Allah I have conveyed the message!!!
AssalamuAlaykumWarahmatulahiWabarakatuh
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